In the novel The Unbearable Lightness of Being, Milan Kundera takes
great pains to mask what is essentially, an indictment against
lightness. Through a process of purposeful ambiguity, Kundera sets
up three important and interrelated themes in the novel. These
three themes need to be examined at some length in order to
understand Kundera's complexity and unravel his indictment against
lightness.
Firstly, there is the psychological construct of the eternal return
as developed by Friedrich Nietzsche. Secondly, through the love
story of Tomas, Tereza and Sabina, Kundera plays out his indictment
against lightness. Within this braid of interwoven relations,
Kundera places the duality of lightness and weight side by side,
seemingly not endorsing one or the other. Thirdly, Kundera plays
out his indictment against lightness in the public arena, placing
the personal stories within the historical framework of the Russian
invasion of Czechoslovakia in August of 1968; through this
mechanism history becomes another story within a story. Are events
forgiven in advance because they happen only once? Read it and find
out.